Artificial Intelligence in Robotics
Modern Robots do have an element of artificial intelligence, however, a robot without artificial intelligence is still a robot. While it is safe to assume that a robot with artificial intelligence would be capable of more than a pre-programmed robot, all robots whether they possess a level of artificial intelligence or not are designed to make the lives and activities of humans easier.
Robotics and Artificial Intelligence are two terms that are often confused and sometimes not distinguished, but they actually refer to different technologies. Artificial intelligence is a discipline that focuses on enabling machines to develop the same intellectual capabilities as humans. Robotics, on the other hand, is the science of designing and building physical robots to improve automation and innovation. (xxvii)
Robotics and AI are two related fields of science and technology, but with several differences. Robotics is the discipline that deals with designing machines capable of automating tasks. In this sense, robotics experts also create, programme and operate these automated elements to develop certain skills and tasks. (xxviii)
Meanwhile, artificial intelligence is a branch of computing that studies how machines can mimic the cognitive processes of humans, learning and reasoning in order to solve problems and carry out specific tasks, just as a human being would. AI experts design algorithms so that machines are able to learn autonomously, solve problems, understand language and reason using logic. (xxix)
The main difference between robotics and Artificial Intelligence lies in the approach. Robotics focuses on the manipulation of the physical area, while AI is oriented towards the internal or digital part. (xxx)
Another difference is the area of application. On the one hand, robotics creates machines that have their own mobility and can interact with the environment. They are generally used to perform repetitive, high-speed or high-precision tasks, e.g. in industrial sectors of chain production or in the field of medicine. On the other hand, artificial intelligence focuses on data processing and algorithm design. In this sense, it is applied in a variety of contexts, from personalised care to education. (xxxi)
On the other hand, robots are programmed to follow a set of instructions in a repetitive way and are perfect for improving the productivity of companies in a number of sectors. AI, on the other hand, although it can also be used in multiple contexts, is more dynamic. For example, an AI system can be used to process banking data and make investment decisions, but it can also be used to analyse medical information and prepare for surgery.(xxxii)